Pulmonary gene editing by using the delivery of mRNA drugs via the respiratory tract. The mRNA drugs are a technique that uses mRNA molecules to carry specific genetic information and thus express the target protein or enzymes in cells, with the advantages of high efficiency, safe and possible regulation. Delivery of mRNA drugs through the respiratory tract allows for gene editing of lung cells to treat some congenital or acquired lung diseases. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) -based mRNA delivery platform and CRISPR-Cas 9 gene editing of lung cells in a mouse model have treated genetic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Respiratory tract delivery of antibiotics is used to treat pulmonary infections. Antimicrobial drugs are drugs that can inhibit or kill bacteria and are the main means of treating bacterial infections. Delivery of antibiotics through the respiratory tract can achieve highly efficient treatment of lung infection sites, while reducing the occurrence of systemic adverse reactions and bacterial resistance.